Ukuze uthole ukugcinwa okuhleliwe okungafika ezinyangeni eziyisithupha, isiqondiso se-California Walnut Board & Commission sincoma ukuthi kufakwe efrijini ku-0–5°C (32–41°F), okunomswakama ongaphansi kuka-65%. Umhlahlandlela wayo wochwepheshe bokudla uncoma ukuthi kube yiqhwa cishe ku-−18°C (0°F) ukuze ubambe isikhathi eside. Lezi yizinkomba zokuhlela isitoreji, hhayi impilo entsha yeshelufu yezinyanga eziyisithupha yanoma yisiphi isikhwama esitholwe namuhla. Isikhathi esisebenzayo siphinde sincike esimweni sama-walnuts, ukupakishwa nokuphatha ngaphambi kokufika.
Isiqondiso esingezansi siphathelene nezikhwebu ze-walnut nama-walnuts egobolondweni, zombili ezifakwe ohlwini yi-Yunnan Shanshui Walnut Industry Development Co., Ltd. Sichaza indlela yokukhetha izimo zokulondoloza, ukuphatha amaphakethe avuliwe kanye nokuqaphela ukukhathazeka kwekhwalithi. Amantongomane amboziwe, unama we-walnut kanye nokudla okuqediwe kudinga ukuhlolwa kokugcina kwakho.
Ingabe Ama-Walnut Ahlala Isikhathi Eside Ngaphansi Kwezimo Ezihlukene Zokugcina?
Funda izimo zokugcina kanye nesikhathi
Khetha indawo yokugcina ezungeze isikhathi sokusetshenziswa esilindelekile. Isiqandisi sincono kunokuphatha isitolo esijwayelekile sezinga lokushisa legumbi njengesitoreji esifanele isikhathi eside.
Isiqondiso esinemibandela sokugcinwa kwama-walnuts angenalutho
| Uhlelo lwesitoreji | Izimo ekuqondisweni kwembonini ekhonjiwe | Indlela yokuhumusha inkomba yesikhathi |
| Ukubamba isikhathi esifushane | Ngaphansi kuka-10°C (50°F) nangaphansi kuka-65% umswakama ohlobene | Umhlahlandlela wokubamba awunikezi inani eliphelele lamaviki noma izinyanga kulesi sigaba. |
| Isitoreji esiqandisiwe | 0–5°C (32–41°F) nangaphansi kuka-65% umswakama ohlobene | Umhlahlandlela wokubamba uchaza isitoreji kuze kufike ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngaphansi kwalezi zimo, hhayi isiqinisekiso esizenzakalelayo sendawo engafanele. |
| Isitoreji esingaphezu kwezinyanga eziyisithupha | Cishe −18°C (0°F), njengoba kunconyiwe kumhlahlandlela wochwepheshe bokudla | Ukubanda kuyisiqondiso esinconywayo sokubamba isikhathi eside; leso siqondiso asicacisi ubuningi bempilo yesitoreji esiyiqhwa. |
Imigqa emibili yokuqala ifingqa umhlahlandlela wokuphatha nokugcina weBhodi & Ikhomishini; eyesithathu isebenzisa iseluleko sayo sochwepheshe bokugcina ukudla. "Kupholile futhi komile" akuyona indawo enembile yamazinga okushisa angenhla. Isitolo esisezingeni lokushisa elijwayelekile legumbi asihlangabezani nesimo esingaphansi kuka-10°C ngenxa nje yokuthi sinomthunzi noma sizizwa sinethezekile.
Gcina iziqondiso ezijwayelekile zihlukene nedethi ecaciswe kakhulu
Ireferensi yesikhathi engenhla ichaza uhlelo lwesitoreji. Ukuze uthole ukulethwa kwangempela, hlola usuku lomkhiqizo, umcimbi okalwa ngawo kanye nokuthi uyasebenza yini ephaketheni langempela elingavuliwe. Imfuneko yempilo esele kufanele ihlanganise ukusetshenziswa kokugcina okuhleliwe, hhayi nje usuku lokufika.
Kungani Ifomu Lomkhiqizo Nokupakishwa Kushintsha Ukuhlola Isitoreji?
Igobolondo eliphelele alifani nephekhi yokuvimbela engavuliwe
Ukukhipha igobolondo eliqinile kuveza i-kernel ngqo endaweni yayo yokusingatha. Isithombe sika-Yunnan Shanshui ama-walnuts amaningi ngakho-ke udinga ukuvikeleka ephaketheni elingaphakathi uma seligotshwe; ibhokisi lokuthutha lilodwa alikuchazi leso sivikelo.
Ngoba ama-walnuts aphelele egobolondweni, igobolondo eliwukhuni lihlala liwungqimba oluvikelayo, kodwa alithathi indawo yokugcina eyomile kanye nokupakishwa okufanele. Hlola amagobolondo alimele kanye nesimo sephakethe elilethiwe. Ukuba khona kwegobolondo kukodwa akusona isisekelo sokwengeza inombolo emisiwe yezinyanga esikhathini sokugcina.
Kunoma yiluphi uhlobo, gcina isitoko sikude nokudla okunephunga elinamandla nezinto zokwakha. Ama-Walnuts angakwazi ukumunca iphunga elizungezile, ngakho-ke iphunga lika-anyanisi noma izinongo kuyinkinga yokugcina ehlukile kune-rancidity. Ukupakisha kufanele kuvikele amantongomane futhi kugcine inqwaba ibonakala.
Ukuvula iphekhi kushintsha izimo ezingemuva kwesimangalo
Ukuchayeka ku-oksijeni kungaholela ekufakweni kwe-oxidation yamafutha we-walnut kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwama-flavour angaphandle. Iphekhi yokuvimbela efanelekile ikhawulela ukuthintana nomoya nokukhanya. I-nitrogen flushing iwusizo kuphela ngenkathi imvelo ehlosiwe ye-oksijeni ephansi igcinwa; ngemva kokuvula, umoya ungangena futhi. Ukuvala kabusha kunciphisa ukuchayeka okwengeziwe kodwa akuzenzi kabusha izimo zangempela zegesi.
Lokhu kwenza isikhwama esingavulwa kanye nesiqukathi esisebenzayo esivulwe ngokuphindaphindiwe izimo ezihlukene zokugcina. Gcina isitokwe esiyinqwaba sivikelekile futhi ukhiphe inani elilawulekayo elizosetshenziswa kunokuveza iphakethe eligcwele ngesikhathi sokushintsha kokukhiqiza.
Umlando Wezinga Lokushisa Nokugcinwa Ukutshelani Ngokuphila Okusele?
Amazinga okushisa aphansi awasethi kabusha iminyaka eminingi
Ukupholisa kuyindlela yokuphatha ushintsho lwekhwalithi olulandelayo, hhayi indlela yokusula isitoreji sangaphambilini. Izinkatho ezimbili ezingena esiqandisini esifanayo namuhla zingase zibe nemilando ehlukene. Omunye kungenzeka ukuthi wahlala ngaphakathi kwemibandela yayo ebhaliwe; omunye kungenzeka ukuthi uchithe isikhathi endaweni efudumele engabhalwanga. Amazinga azo okushisa amanje kuphela awakwazi ukusungula ukuphila okusele okulinganayo.
Umlando owusizo uxhumanisa ukucutshungulwa kwasekuqaleni noma ukupakisha ulwazi nezinto zokuhamba, amaresidi namarekhodi okugcina. Uma ukulethwa kuchithe isikhathi ngaphandle kwezimo zakhona ezishiwo, qopha izinga lokushisa elitholakalayo kanye nolwazi lwesikhathi ukuze luhlolwe. Ukufundwa kwesiqandisi sokugcina sodwa akukwazi ukukhombisa ukuthi kwenzekeni ngaphambili.
Okuvezwa ucwaningo lwesitoreji esilawulwayo
Ucwaningo lwango-2022 olwenziwa ngu-Ampofo kanye nozakwabo lwalandela izinhlamvu ze-walnut zika-Chandler no-Howard izinyanga ezine ku-5°C no-23°C, ezitsheni ezikhanyayo ezivulekile kumswakama ohlobene no-50% ngaphansi kokukhanya kwe-fluorescent. Kulokho kuhlolwa, izinhlamvu ze-Howard ku-23°C zibonise ukukhuphuka kwephunga elimnandi ne-flavour, ukubaba kanye ne-astringency ekuqaleni kwenyanga yokuqala.
Lokho okutholakele kuchaza ukuthi kungani isitoreji esifudumele, esiveziwe singafinyeza impilo ye-flavour eyamukelekayo ngaphambi kokuba kuphakanyiswe isilinganiso sekhalenda elijwayelekile. Ayimisi umkhawulo wenyanga eyodwa wama-walnuts apakishiwe: lezi bekungama-cultivar athile ngaphansi kokuhlolwa kwesitsha esivulekile. Ukuqhathanisa okufanelekile kuhambisana nempahla yangempela, iphakheji nendawo.
Yiziphi Izinguquko Ngemva Kokuvula noma Ukupakisha kabusha ama-Walnuts?
Phatha ubunikazi benkatho yasekuqaleni kuwo wonke amaphakethe amasha
Ngemva kokuvula, sebenzisa iziqukathi ezihlanzekile, ezomile, ezifanele ukudla futhi ugcine ama-walnuts asele evaliwe futhi efrijini njengoba kuyalelwe umkhiqizo. Gcina indawo yokuqala nolwazi lwedethi kanye nedethi yokuvula noma yokupakisha kabusha. Ukupakisha kabusha kushintsha isiqukathi, hhayi iminyaka yokuqukethwe kwaso.
Isibonelo, endaweni yokubhaka ecatshangelwayo, isikhwama esisodwa senqwaba sihlukaniswa sibe iziqukathi ezimbalwa zokusebenza. Ukulebula ngayinye ngereferensi yenkatho yangempela kanye nosuku lokuhlukanisa kuvumela abasebenzi ukuthi bahlukanise isitoko esidala nesisha ngisho nalapho zombili zihlukaniswe ngosuku olufanayo.
Umkhuba osebenzayo wokuvula nokupakisha kabusha uthi:
- Qinisekisa inkomba yokuqala yenkatho, imininingwane yedethi kanye nemiyalelo yesitoreji ngaphambi kokuvula.
- Rekhoda umcimbi wokuvula futhi ukhombe noma yiziphi iziqukathi ezigcwaliswe kulelo phekhi.
- Hlukanisa amanani okusebenza ngokohlelo lokukhiqiza, kunokushiya sonke isitoko sivezwe ukuze kube lula.
- Vala umkhiqizo osele ngendlela efanele bese uwubuyisela ezimeni zokulondoloza ezishiwo kuwo.
- Rekhoda umonakalo, ukuchayeka okungajwayelekile noma okunye ukukhathazeka, futhi ugcine impahla ethintekile ingasasebenzi kuze kube yilapho isihloliwe.
Qondanisa amanani okusebenza nesikhathi esihleliwe sokusebenzisa
Usayizi wamanani okusebenza kushejuli yokukhiqiza. Isiqukathi esincane esisetshenziswe ngokushesha kulula ukusiphatha kunesikhwama esikhulu esivulwa ngokuphindaphindiwe isikhathi eside. Gcina isitokwe esibekiwe sivikelekile, futhi ulandele imiyalelo esebenzayo ngemva kokuvulwa kunokuthatha idethi yephekhi engavuliwe ihlanganisa yonke iphethini yokubamba.
Lapho uhlela i-oda no-Yunnan Shanshui, chaza imvamisa elindelwe yokuvula iphakethe kanye nesikhathi esidingekayo sokusebenzisa iphekhi. Buza ukuthi yimaphi amalungiselelo okupakisha kanye nemiyalelo yokuvula ngemva kokuvula etholakalayo kulelo oda. Lokhu kuwusizo kakhulu kunokucela impilo yeshelufu yesihloko eside kakhulu ngaphandle kokuchaza ukuthi umkhiqizo uzosetshenziswa kanjani.
Kunini Lapho Ukuhlolwa Kwekhwalithi Akwanele?
Ukuhlola okuhlukile kokuwohloka okuvela ekwamukelweni kokuphepha kokudla
Iphunga elibi, isikhunta esibonakalayo, umsebenzi wezinambuzane noma izigunyazo zokupakisha ezilimele amanzi ezibambe into ethintekile ingasasetshenziswa. Rekhoda kahle lokho okubonayo: iphunga elibi, ukulahlekelwa ukucwebezela kanye nenkinga ebonakalayo yimiphumela ehlukene. Ingaphandle evamile noma idethi esavumelekile ayixazululi inkinga yokubamba eyaziwayo.
Ukusha nokuphepha kokudla kuyimibuzo ehlukene. Ukudla okunomswakama omncane kungavumela amagciwane athile ukuthi aphile ngisho nalapho ukukhula kwawo kuvinjelwe. Isiqandisi sisiza ukulondoloza ikhwalithi ye-walnut, kodwa ayithathi indawo yokulawula ukuhlonza, ukucubungula kanye nenhlanzeko. Ukubukeka nephunga kukodwa akukwazi ukusungula ukuphepha.
Unganambithi isikhunta noma usole ama-walnuts ukuze unqume ukuthi ayamukeleka yini. Ungaphathi ukugazinga, ukuxebula noma ukupakisha kabusha njengekhambi lokukhathazeka kokuphepha okungakaxazululwa. Amabhizinisi okudla kufanele alandele izinqubo zawo ezimisiwe, zokuhlola kanye nezokuhlela.
Qinisekisa isikhathi esisebenzisekayo sokuthunyelwa kwangempela
Ngohlelo lokukhiqiza oluhleliwe, hlola isikhathi esisele esibhaliwe ngokumelene nedethi yokugcina yokusetshenziswa, nanoma yikuphi ukusuka okwaziwayo okubamba okuxazululiwe. Uma usayizi wephekhi uzoshiya insalela ephila isikhathi eside, inani elincane elisebenzayo noma ishejuli yokuthenga ehlukile ingase ilingane kangcono kunokuthembela esikhathini eside seshelufu.
Futhi hlukanisa isikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwesithako esingavuthiwe esikhathini seshalofu sokudla okuqediwe. Ukwengeza ama-walnuts ekugcwaliseni, kumkhiqizo obhakiwe noma ukudla okulula akudluliseli isikhathi esisele sesithako kuyo yonke iresiphi.
Impilo yeshelufu yama-Walnut ilawulwa kangcono ngokufanisa isikhathi sokubamba nezinga lokushisa, ukupakishwa kanye nenzuzo yangempela. Kuya xoxa ngezidingo zokugcinwa kwe-walnut kanye nokupakisha nge-Yunnan Shanshui, hlinzeka ngefomu lomkhiqizo, inani, izimo zokugcina kanye nesikhathi esilindelekile sokusebenzisa iphakethe ngalinye. Qinisekisa isisekelo sosuku kanye nemiyalelo yokuphatha yokuthunyelwa okuhlongozwayo.
